📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Primary and secondary amenorrhoea, Pre-and postmenopausal symptoms, Deficiency symptoms after oophorectomy or radio-logical castration for non-carcinomatous diseases:*
Adults (female): 1 estradiol tab daily for 11 days, then 1 combined tab daily for 10 days followed by 7 tab-free days. Start on fifth day of menses.
⛔ Contraindications
Severe disturbances of liver function, jaundice or persistent itching during a previous pregnancy, previous or existing liver tumours, tumour of the uterus, ovaries or breast or a suspicion of such tumours, endometriosis, existing or previous thromboembolic processes, severe diabetes mellitus with vascular changes, sickle cell anaemia, disturbances of lipometabolism, a his-tory of herpes of pregnancy, otosclerosis with deterioration during pregnancy, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity to ingredients of the preparation
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Hypertension, myocardial or renal disease, asthma, varicose veins, epilepsy, chloasma, uterine fibromyomata. Examine BP, pelvic organs & breasts before & regularly during treatment.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Breast tenderness & enlargement, withdrawal bleeding, endometrial carcinoma in post-meno-pausal women, nausea, vomiting, weight gain, sodium retention with oedema, liver function disorders, jaundice, rashes, chloasma, headache.
📚 Official Regulatory & Clinical References
- Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP): Drug Registration, S.R.O. Price Gazettes & National Essential Medicines List (NEML).
- World Health Organization (WHO): Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (ATC/DDD Index).
- Formulary Standards: British National Formulary (BNF) & Pakistan National Formulary (PNF) guidelines.