📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Menopausal and postmenopausal oestrogen replacement, post-menopausal osteoporosis:*
Adults(female): Menopause, usually 0.625 mg daily for 21 days starting on fifth day of menses if present, or arbitrarily, then 7 tab-free days. See literature.
*Atrophic vaginitis or urethritis, prostatic carcinoma, palliation of selected cases of breast cancer:*
Adult: consult product literature.
⛔ Contraindications
History of, or predisposition to, thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic disorders, cerebrovascular disease, history of pruritus, during pregnancy deteriorating otosclerosis, idiopathic jaundice or pemphigoid gestations (herpes gestations), impaired hepatic excretory function such as Dubin-Johnson & Rotor syndromes, sickle cell anaemia, acute or chronic liver disease, jaundice, porphyria, disorders of lipid metabolism, oestrogen dependent carcinomas, endometriosis, undiagnosed genital bleeding, pregnancy, lactation.
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Hypertension, myocardial or renal disease, asthma, varicose veins, epilepsy, chloasma, uterine fibromyomata. Examine BP, pelvic organs & breasts before & regularly during treatment.
🔄 Drug Interactions
Diuretics, anti hypertensives, liver enzyme inducing drugs.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Breast tenderness & enlargement, withdrawal bleeding, endometrial carcinoma in post-meno-pausal women, nausea, vomiting, weight gain, sodium retention with oedema, liver function disorders, jaundice, rashes, chloasma, headache.
📚 Official Regulatory & Clinical References
- Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP): Drug Registration, S.R.O. Price Gazettes & National Essential Medicines List (NEML).
- World Health Organization (WHO): Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (ATC/DDD Index).
- Formulary Standards: British National Formulary (BNF) & Pakistan National Formulary (PNF) guidelines.