📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Susceptible infections including urinary-tract infections, sinusitis, uncomplicated community acquired pneumonia, salmonellosis and oral infections:*
ORAL: Adults & Children above 5 yrs: 250 mg three times daily. In severe cases the dose doubled. Children: 1 month-1 yrs: 62.5 mg every 8 hr, the dose doubled in severe cases; 1-5 yrs: 125 mg every 8 hr, the dose doubled in severe cases.
BY IM OR IV INJ: Adults: 500 mg IM every 8 hr, or 1 gm IV every 6 hr for severe infections.
Children: 50-100 mg/kg/ day divided in 3 doses by IM or divided in 4 doses by IV.
*Severe or recurrent purulent Respiratory Tract Infection:*
ORAL: Adults: 3 gm twice daily.
*Acute Urinary Tract Infection:*
ORAL: Adults: 3 gm repeated once 12 hr later.
*Gonorrhoea:*
ORAL: Adults: 3 gm single dose.
*Dental abscess:*
ORAL: Adults: 3 gm repeated once 8 hr later.
*Prophylaxis of endocarditis:*
ORAL: Adults: Single 3 gm dose one hr before dental procedure from which bacteraemia may arise. Repeat 6 hr later if necessary.
Children below 5 yrs: 750 mg; 5-10 yrs: 1.5 gm; both 1 hr before dental procedure from which bacteraemia may arise.
*Otitis media:*
Adults: 500 mg every 8 hr.
Children below 3 months: 15 mg/kg every 12 hr; Above 3 months: 20-40 mg/kg daily in 3 divided doses, max 1.5 gm daily.
💊 Mode of Administration
Direct IV push over a period of 3-4 min; IV intermittent infusion over a period of half to one hour after addition of Dextrose 5% or 0.9% NaCI infusi6n fluid.
⛔ Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins or other beta-lactams.
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Renal impairment, acute or chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and cytomegalovirus infection (increased risk of erythematous rashes), glandular fever, maintain adequate hydration with high doses (particularly during parenteral therapy). Accumulation of sodium can occur with high parenteral IV doses, risk of crystalluria with high doses. Monitor renal, hepatic and haematological function in neonates.
🔄 Drug Interactions
Anticoagulants, allopurinol, probenecid.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Hypersensitivity reaction, GI disturbance, nausea and vomiting. Rarely hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, haematological and CNS effects, pseudomembranous colitis, increased INR.
🤰 Pregnancy & Lactation Safety
Pregnancy Risk:
Not known to be harmful
Lactation / Breastfeeding:
Not known to be harmful