📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Type 2 diabetes mellitus monotherapy or in combination with metformin when metformin alone is unsatisfactory:*
Adult 18-74 years: Initially 500 mcg (max. per dose 4 mg) 30 minutes before main meals, adjusted according to response, at intervals
of 1-2 weeks; max 16 mg per day; if transferring from another oral antidiabetic drug, initial dose 1 mg.
Adult 75 yrs and above: Not recommended.
Children: Not recommended.
⛔ Contraindications
Type I diabetes, ketoacidosis, severe renal or hepatic impairment, pregnancy and lactation.
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Debilitated patients and malnourished patients. Periodically monitor blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin.
🔄 Drug Interactions
Azole anti fungals, erythromycin, mibefradil, rifampicin, phenytoin, MAOIs, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, salicylates, NSAIDs, octreotide, alcohol, anabolic steroids, oral contraceptives, thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, danazol, thyroid hormones, sympathomimetics.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, rash, transient elevation in liver enzymes. Rare: Hypersensitivity reactions, hypoglycaemia, pruritus, rashes, urticaria, vasculitis, visual disturbances.
🤰 Pregnancy & Lactation Safety
Pregnancy Risk:
Not recommended.
Lactation / Breastfeeding:
Contraindicated or not recommended.