📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Helicobacter pylori eradication:*
Adult: 30 mg twice daily. Used in combination with amoxicillin and clarithromycin; or in combination with amoxicillin and metronidazole; or in combination with clarithromycin and metronidazole.
*Benign gastric ulcer:*
Adult: 30 mg once daily for 8 weeks, dose to be taken in the morning
*Duodenal ulcer:*
Adult: 30 mg once daily for 4 weeks, dose to be taken in
the morning; maintenance 15 mg once daily
*NSAID-associated duodenal ulcer, NSAID-associated gastric ulcer:*
Adult: 30 mg once daily for 4 weeks, continued for further
4 weeks if not fully healed
*Prophylaxis of NSAID-associated duodenal/gastric ulcer:*
Adult: 15-30 mg once daily
*Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (and other hypersecretory conditions):*
Adult: Initially 60 mg once daily, adjusted according to response, daily doses of 120 mg or more given in two divided doses
*Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease:*
Adult: 30 mg once daily for 4 weeks, continued for further 4 weeks if not fully healed; maintenance 15-30 mg once daily, doses to be taken in the morning.
*Acid-related dyspepsia, GI bleeding:*
Adult: 15-30 mg once daily for 2-4 weeks, doses to be taken in the morning
Children: Not recommended.
BY IV INJ: For patients who are unable to take oral dosage. Adults: IV 30 mg daily for up to 7 days.
💊 Mode of Administration
Reconstitute parenteral form by injecting 5 ml sterile water into 30 mg drug vial. Mix gently until powder dissolves. Use within 1 hour. After reconstitution, dilute with 50 ml NS, lactated Ringers solution or D5W. Give within 12 hours if mixed with D5W or 24 hours if mixed with NS or lactated Ringers solution.
⛔ Contraindications
Malignancy, severe hepatic impairment.
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Hepatic impairment, allergies, pregnancy, elderly.
🔄 Drug Interactions
Oral contraceptives, phenytoin, carbamazepine,
theophylline, warfarin, antacids, sucralfate.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Epidermal necrolysis, atrophic gastritis, pruritus, headache, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, GI disturbances, sore throat, skin irritation, liver disorders, risk of GI infection. Rarely arthralgia, myalgia, peripheral oedema, erythematous or bullous rashes, haematological changes, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, intestinal nephritis, depression, confusion, hallucinations, gynaecomastia, impotence.
🤰 Pregnancy & Lactation Safety
Pregnancy Risk:
No evidence of risk, advised to avoid.
Lactation / Breastfeeding:
Not recommended.
🧪 Compatibility & Storage Stability
Compatibility: Stable in NS, LR, D5W.
📚 Official Regulatory & Clinical References
- Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP): Drug Registration, S.R.O. Price Gazettes & National Essential Medicines List (NEML).
- World Health Organization (WHO): Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (ATC/DDD Index).
- Formulary Standards: British National Formulary (BNF) & Pakistan National Formulary (PNF) guidelines.