📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Acute hypotension:*
BY SC INJ, OR BY IM INJ: Adult: Initially 2-5 mg, followed by 1-10 mg, after at least 15 minutes if required
BY SLOW IV INJ: Adult: 100-500 mcg, repeated as necessary after at least 15 minutes
BY IV INF: Adult: Initially up to 180 mcg/min, reduced to 30-60 mcg/min, adjusted according to response
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia:
BY IV INF: Adults: 250-500 mcg per dose over 20 to 30 sec.Children: 5-10 mcg per dose over 20 to 30 sec.
💊 Mode of Administration
10 mg in 500 ml (concentration: 20 mcg/ml).
⛔ Contraindications
Severe hypertension, ventricular tachycardia, severe hyperthyroidism
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Coronary disease, coronary or peripheral or mesenteric vascular thrombosis, diabetes, elderly, following myocardial infarction, hypercapnia, hyperthyroidism, hypoxia, Prinzmetals variant angina, uncorrected hypovolaemia
🔄 Drug Interactions
Ergot derivatives, hyaluronidase, lobenguane, MAOls, TCAs.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Angle-closure glaucoma, anorexia, anxiety, arrhythmias, bradycardia, confusion, dyspnea, headache, hypertension, hypoxia, insomnia, nausea, palpitation, peripheral ischaemia, psychosis, tachycardia, tremor, urinary retention, vomiting, weakness, extravasation at injection site may cause necrosis
🤰 Pregnancy & Lactation Safety
Pregnancy Risk:
Caution advised, avoid
Lactation / Breastfeeding:
Caution advised
🧪 Compatibility & Storage Stability
Compatibility: Stable in dextran 6% in dextrose, dextran 6% in NS, D5LR, 05 1/4NS, 05 1/2NS, D5NS, D1OW, D5W, NS, LR, 1/2 NS, sodium bicarbonate 5%.
📚 Official Regulatory & Clinical References
- Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP): Drug Registration, S.R.O. Price Gazettes & National Essential Medicines List (NEML).
- World Health Organization (WHO): Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (ATC/DDD Index).
- Formulary Standards: British National Formulary (BNF) & Pakistan National Formulary (PNF) guidelines.