🩺 IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS 🏷️ Immunosuppressant/Purine Synthesis Inhibitors
👨‍⚕️ Clinically Reviewed by: PakistaniBano Medical Editorial Board (Pharm.D Panel)
📅 Reviewed: November 2026 • 🔍 Authority: DRAP / WHO ATC
📦 Formulations, Pack Sizes & Retail Prices Currency: Rs.
Dosage Form Reg. No Pack Size Trade Price (TP) Maximum Retail Price (MRP)
Tab 500 mg — 50 — Rs.6707.682 7891.39

📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage

*Prophylaxis of acute rejection in renal transplantation (in combination with a corticosteroid and ciclosporin):* Adult: 1 g twice daily, to be started within 72 hours of transplantation. BY IV INF: Adult: 1 g twice daily for max. 14 days, then transfer to oral therapy, to be started within 24 hours of transplantation. *Prophylaxis of acute rejection in cardiac transplantation (in combination with ciclosporin and corticosteroids):* Adult: 1.5 g twice daily, to be started within 5 days of transplantation. *Prophylaxis of acute rejection in hepatic transplantation (in combination with ciclosporin and corticosteroids):* BY IV INF: Adult: 1 g twice daily for 4 days, up to a max. of 14 days, to be started within 24 hours of transplantation, then (by mouth) 1.5 g twice daily, the dose route should be changed as soon as is tolerated. *Renal transplantation:* Adult: 1 gm twice daily, to be started within 72 hours of transplantation.

⛔ Contraindications

Pregnancy, lactation.

⚠️ Precautions & Warnings

Monitor full blood count every week for 4 weeks then twice a month for 2 months then every month in the first year (consider interrupting treatment if neutropenia develops). Active serious GI disease (risk of haemorrhage, ulceration and perforation), delayed graft, function, elderly, increased susceptibility to skin cancer (avoid exposure to strong sunlight), risk of hypogamma globulinaemia or bronchiectasis when used in combination with other immunosuppressants. Measure serum immunoglobulin levels if recurrent infections develop, and consider bronchiectasis or pulmonary fibrosis if persistent respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea develop.

🔄 Drug Interactions

Acyclovir, valaciclovir, ganciclovir, antacids, azathioprine, cholestyramine, probenecid, vaccines, tacrolimus

⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects

Abdominal pain, acne, agitation, alopecia, anaemia, anorexia, anxiety, arthralgia, blood disorders, confusion, constipation, convulsions, cough, depression, disturbances of electrolytes and blood lipids, dizziness, dyspnea, GI upset, GI bleeding, GI inflammation, GI ulceration, gingival hyperplasia, hepatitis, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, hypotension, infections, influenza-like syndrome, insomnia, jaundice, leucopenia, malignancy, myasthenic syndrome, oedema, pancreatitis, pancytopenia, paraesthesia, rash, red cell aplasia, renal impairment, skin hypertrophy, stomatitis, tachycardia, thrombocytopenia, tremor, vasodilatation, weight loss, interstitial lung disease, intestinal villous atrophy, progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, pulmonary fibrosis

📚 Official Regulatory & Clinical References

  • Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP): Drug Registration, S.R.O. Price Gazettes & National Essential Medicines List (NEML).
  • World Health Organization (WHO): Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (ATC/DDD Index).
  • Formulary Standards: British National Formulary (BNF) & Pakistan National Formulary (PNF) guidelines.

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