📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Cycloplegia:*
Children 3 months-11 yrs: Apply 1 drop, 30-60 minutes before examination, using 1% eye drops; 12-17 yrs: Apply 1 drop, 30-60 minutes before examination, using 0.5% eye drops.
*Uveitis:*
Adults: 1 or 2 drops soln. as required
Children 3 months-17 yrs: Apply 1 drop 2-4 times a day, using 0.5% eye drops (1% for deeply pigmented eyes).
*Refraction:*
Adults: 1 drop repeated 15 min later if necessary. Children 3 months: 1 drop.
*Anterior uveitis, Cyclopegia:*
Adult: (consult product literature).
⛔ Contraindications
Narrow angle glaucoma, paralytic ileus, children with organic brain, neonates.
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Inflamed eyes, coronary insufficiency, heart failure, elderly or debilitated, prostatic hypertrophy.
🔄 Drug Interactions
Other antimuscarinics.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Toxic systemic reactions, transient stinging, raised intra-ocular pressure, systemic anticholinergic effects, local irritation, hyperaemia, oedema, conjunctivitis after prolonged use.
🤰 Pregnancy & Lactation Safety
Pregnancy Risk:
Caution advised
Lactation / Breastfeeding:
Caution advised
📚 Official Regulatory & Clinical References
- Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP): Drug Registration, S.R.O. Price Gazettes & National Essential Medicines List (NEML).
- World Health Organization (WHO): Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (ATC/DDD Index).
- Formulary Standards: British National Formulary (BNF) & Pakistan National Formulary (PNF) guidelines.