📋 Indications & Clinical Dosage
*Hypertension not adequately controlled by valsartan alone:*
Adults: 1 tab daily using the strength as clinically appropriate. Children: Not recommended.
⛔ Contraindications
Severe renal or hepatic impairment, cirrhosis, biliary obstruction, renal artery stenosis, anuria, conditions or treatments predisposing to potassium loss.
⚠️ Precautions & Warnings
Mild to moderate hepatic impairment, salt or volume depletion, SLE. Monitor serum electrolytes.
🔄 Drug Interactions
Lithium, corticosteroids, K+-sparing diuretics or K+ supplements, heparin, muscle relaxants, cyclosporin, hypoglycaemic agents, NSAIDS, methotrexate,
cyclophosphamide, pressor amines, allopurinol, digitalis, calcium supplements, diazoxide, anticholinergics, insulin, carbenoxclone, penicillin G, salicylic acid, Vit D analogue, cholestyramine, colestipol, alcohol, barbiturates, narcotics.
⚠️ Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
Renal impairment, cough, fatigue, GI disturbance, headache, syncope, hypersensitivity reactions, myalgia, neutropenia, pruritus, rash, serum sickness, thrombocytopenia, vasculitis
🤰 Pregnancy & Lactation Safety
Pregnancy Risk:
Contraindicated in pregnancy.
Lactation / Breastfeeding:
Not recommended.
📚 Official Regulatory & Clinical References
- Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP): Drug Registration, S.R.O. Price Gazettes & National Essential Medicines List (NEML).
- World Health Organization (WHO): Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (ATC/DDD Index).
- Formulary Standards: British National Formulary (BNF) & Pakistan National Formulary (PNF) guidelines.